Reproductive Immunology

What is reproductive immunology?

Reproductive immunology is a field of study that looks at how a woman’s immune system reacts when she becomes pregnant. Usually, your immune system works by fighting off any invading cells that it doesn't recognise because they don't share your genetic code. In the case of an embryo, the immune system learns to tolerate it even though it has a different genetic code from the mother.
Some scientists believe that in some cases of miscarriage or infertility, the mother’s immune system may fail to accept the embryo due to these differences in their genetic codes.

Are there any risks ?

There are various different treatments associated with reproductive immunology, which are used to suppress the body’s natural immunity, and all of which have risks:
  • Steroids (e.g. prednisolone): Risks include high blood pressure, diabetes and premature birth.
  • Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg): Side effects can include headache, muscle pain, fever, chills, low back pain, and rarely thrombosis (blood clots), kidney failure and anaphylaxis (a bad allergic reaction to the drug).
  • Intralipid infusions: Side effects include headache, dizziness, flushing, nausea and the possibility of clotting or infection.

What's the evidence for reproductive immunology?

There is no convincing evidence that a woman’s immune system will fail to accept an embryo due to differences in their genetic codes. In fact, scientists now know that during pregnancy the mother’s immune system works with the embryo to support its development.
Not only will reproductive immunology treatments not improve your chances of getting pregnant, there are risks attached to all these treatments, some of which are very serious.