The uterus (womb) is a muscular structure that’s held in place by pelvic muscles and ligaments. If these muscles or ligaments stretch or become weak, they’re no longer able to support the uterus, causing prolapse.
Uterine prolapse occurs when the uterus sags or slips from its normal position and into the vagina (birth canal).
Uterine prolapse may be incomplete or complete. An incomplete prolapse occurs when the uterus is only partly sagging into the vagina. A complete prolapse occurs when the uterus falls so far down that some tissue protrudes outside of the vagina.
What are the symptoms of uterine prolapse?
Women who have a minor uterine prolapse may not have any symptoms. Moderate to severe prolapse may cause symptoms, such as:
the feeling that you’re sitting on a ball
vaginal bleeding
increased discharge
problems with sexual intercourse
the uterus or cervix protruding out of the vagina
a pulling or heavy feeling in the pelvis
constipation or difficulty passing stool
recurring bladder infections or difficulty emptying your bladder
Are there any risk factors of uterine prolapse?
The risk of having a prolapsed uterus increases as a woman ages and her estrogen levels decrease. Damage to pelvic muscles and tissues during pregnancy and childbirth may also lead to prolapse. Women who’ve had more than one vaginal birth or are postmenopausal are at the highest risk. Any activity that puts pressure on the pelvic muscles can increase your risk of a uterine prolapse.
Other factors that can increase your risk for the condition include:
obesity
chronic cough
chronic constipation
How is this uterine prolapse diagnosed?
For a proper diagnosis, you’ll need to see a gynecologist to get a pelvic exam. This exam is used to check the condition of inside of the vagina and examine the vaginal canal and uterus.